What is SAP MRP - Material Requirement Planning Overview
物料需求计划概览
Material
Requirement Planning (SAP MRP) is a tool which helps in planning the
requirement quantities and schedules of a given material.
Thus guaranteeing material availability, for the material on which you
are carrying out MRP on, and also guaranteeing availability of the
components of all the BOM levels below.
物料需求计划是帮助进行物料计划及需求数量的一项工具。其作用在于保证物料及BOM各层次的相关组件需要时可用。
Apart
from assuring material availability, Material Requirement planning (MRP)
also carries out scheduling of the procurement proposals using the lead
times for the materials/components. When the material is an internally
manufactured material, it will use the lead times or operation lead
times from the routings/recipes and when the material is an external
procured material, it will fetch the lead times or delivery times for
the material defined at an appropriate place in the tool/system.
Scheduling of the procurement proposals not only derives the capacity
loading of the orders on the workcenter but it also calculates the
delivery dates of the components that would be requried for
manufacturing (delivery date = start date of processing).
除了保证物料可用外，MRP也通过前置时间的方法对物料、组件进行获取建议的计划。当物料是内部加工件时，它使用前置时间（物料主数据中设置的）或是工艺路线/配方中的工序前置时间来计划，而当物料从外部获取时，它使用前置时间或为物料定义的交货时间来计划。获取建议不仅参考订单的能力负荷，也会考虑加工所需的组件的交货日期（交货日期=开始处理日期）
The
output of MRP proposes procurement proposals (planned order or purchase
requests) so as to gaurantee material availability and at the same time
schedule the procurement proposals using delivery lead times for the
materials/components. Material requirement Planning can be run
for purchased materials or finished saleable materials or subassemblies
(semi-finished) used in production.
While
the Material Requirement Planning in SAP ECC (SAP MRP), derives a plan
for the materials and helps the planners and supervisors to purchase,
produce or sell. It offers all the possible planning methods available
in the market like the reorder point planning for the consumption based
planned materials, lot for lot MRP planning for the demand based
planning materials, forecast based planning methods which uses the past
historical figures to extrapolate the future requirements (again a
consumption based planning material).
SAP material requirement planning or SAP MRP, uses the following factors in its planing run:
a) planning strategies - made to order or made to stock or its variations
b)
planning types - type of the MRP run, i.e., consumption based planning
methods or demand based planning methods and net requirement planing or
gross requirement planning
c) lot sizing procedures set for the material
d) master
data such as BOM or Routings/Recipes, quota arrangements, souce list,
vendors, purchase info records. customer masters etc, and transaction
data such as sales orders, forecast, planned independent demands
(forecasted demand)
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